Renewabe Energy Sources Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Renewabe Energy Sources - Research Paper Example Renewable energy sources and the significant opportunities for the energy efficiency exist over a wide geographical area. Deployment of the renewable energy and technological diversification of the energy sources would result in a significant energy security and economic benefits (Johansson, 2007). There are several uncertainties surrounding the future of renewable sources of energy. There are claims that the available sources will be unable meet the demand in the future. In the past, the renewable energy has been terribly expensive to produce and use than fossils fuels. The renewable resources are mainly located in the remote areas, and it is terribly expensive to build the power lines in urban areas where electricity produced is needed. The use of this energy sources is also limited by the fact that they are not always available for use. During the cloudy days, they may be no solar power produced (Tiwari, 2012). When the winds are calm, and there is drought there would be no hydrop ower produced in such a case. The use and production of the renewable sources has grown in the recent years as a result of high prices of gas and natural oil. The use of this energy is expected to continue rising over the next thirty years, although EIA projects will have to continue relying on the non-renewable fuels in order to meet the energy needs. Other sources of energy like the fossils cause an environmental hazard because they contribute in the global warming. The United States is the leading consumer of energy; her energy is expected to rise in the future. Alternative sources will be used; this will ease the burden of importing petroleum products (Fra?ss-Ehrfeld, 2009). Therefore, U.S should be in the front line in developing the energy sources such as the wind and solar power. This will substantially boost the economy, hence reducing global warming and also help their citizen to save money. Unfortunately, oil companies have always been able to influence the department of E nergy to reject proposals on additional sources of energy. It has always been that the decision of the department on the project will depend on the opinions of the oil companies. Few countries have the capabilities of storing the energy for use. This is an exercise which requires funding; this makes it difficult to establish various points where the energy can be stored (Laughton, 2006). Sources like geothermal and water requires funds to implement the project. Lack of knowledge can also be a problem when implementing the project of renewable from of energy. Projects like geothermal and hydropower have to be implemented by electrical engineers, which might be a significant problem while finding one. Solar energy utilizes the infrared radiations to emit energy. This can be used at night and does not require additional resources. Despite requiring, no resources the people implementing must have the required knowledge to implement the project successfully. Energy is a necessary resourc e that is necessary for all industrial societies. Natural sources of energy like fossil fuels pose a risk to the environment. Other sources of energy are not sufficient to meet the demand for energy. These conditions require the United States to find alternative sources of energy. These alternative sources must meet the demands of energy which will reduce the risks of global warming. Th

James Is Intolerance of the Catholic Faith Essay Example for Free

James Is Intolerance of the Catholic Faith Essay Do you agree with the view that the main cause of the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 was James I’s intolerance of the catholic faith? It was the lack of tolerance in which James showed toward the Catholic faith, but also the large amounts of tolerance to the Protestants in the mean time. James was, almost, too pleasant towards the Protestants and therefore angered the Catholics as he did so, leaving the Catholic’s wanting to display that the intolerance shown towards them was unacceptable. Therefore, historians are able to infer that it was due to James’ attitudes towards the catholic faith that the Gunpowder Plot took place. Source 2 and 3 both agree that the gunpowder plot was due to James dealing with the Catholic faith with a very harsh attitude, also pushing the Catholics into taking measures such as ‘massacres, rebellions and desperate attempts against the King and State’ due to the King driving them to. James ‘dealt severely [..] he took a lot of money’ which he, evidently, didn’t implicate amongst the puritans. James shows a lot of hatred towards the Catholics and their faith through the way he dealt with them. Source 4 supports evidence shown through both source 2 and 3 in the way that it is expressing the ‘utter detestation’ he had of Catholicism and how he was happy to show his ‘hostility against the Catholics in order to satisfy the Puritans’. James states how he couldn’t comply with all the needs of the Catholics which they present to them, however he made no effort to even think about contemplating those needs of the Protestants. The kings hatred towards the Catholics, however, may also have been due to the influence of his inherited chief minister, Robert Cecil, who from Source 3 we can understand himself didn’t enjoy having the Catholic faith around, being warned that if the harshness shown towards them wasn’t to stop then the king would have to intervene in ‘massacres, rebellions and desperate attempts against the king and state’. However, Robert Cecil, down to his own despise of the faith manipulated the situation, applying a larger amount of pressure upon James to continue to treat the Catholics with a harsh manner, shown in source 5, ‘Cecil used every opportunity to infer to James that the popes were rivals to his authority [] something James could not tolerate’. Source 5, unlike source 3, states how Cecil was a ‘staunch protestant’ seeing the Catholics as being ‘tantamount to traitors’ due to their beliefs opposing the king by referring back to the pope, although they both show that Robert Cecil is using his own viewpoint to affect the way in which the King undertake the ‘issue’ of the Catholic faith, just in diverse ways, and therefore a possible cause of the gunpowder plot, which many historians would argue, was due to James’ ministers themselves, influencing the kings beliefs and ideals. Robert Cecil through his influence over the king shown in source 5 can also be supported in source 1 with him stating that the King has been too tolerable of the Catholics and how the king should be harsher towards them and how ‘the King’s excessive kindness’ has resulted to ‘priests preach that Catholics much kill the Kings to help their religion’, and therefore wasn’t James’ intolerance of the Catholics that caused the Gunpowder plot but the tolerance he showed them instead. Many Catholics would say that due to James’ deliberately publicly announcing his ‘utter detestation’ of their faith that James deserved the plot to be against him due to the harshness shown towards their faith and beliefs, which we are able to infer via source 4 telling historians that ‘all priests [] had been expelled and recusancy fines introduced’. Overall through the sources historians are able to infer that James showed a large intolerance towards the Catholic faith, whether it be through him own ideals or influenced by other, which then pushed them into believing that performing the Gunpowder plot upon the Houses of Parliament was for the greater good of their religion, and therefore the main cause of the gunpowder plot of 1604 was King James’ intolerance for the Catholic faith. Amy Poole.

Deceit and Dishonesty in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Essay -- Jane Ey

Jane Eyre:   The Theme of Deceit and Dishonesty "'The marriage can not go on: I declare the existence of an impediment'" (306).  Ã‚   Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte, is the story of an orphaned girl who is sent to live at Gateshead Hall with Mrs. Reed and her three cousins, whom Jane doesn't get along with. At the age of ten, Mrs. Reed sends Jane away to Lowood Institution, an all girls' school, where she spends the next eight years of her life. At the age of eighteen, Jane leaves Lowood and accepts the position as governess at Thornfield Hall. Mr. Rochester, the owner of Thornfield Hall, and Jane fall madly in love and plan to get married, but little does Jane know, Mr. Rochester has a terrible secret that could ruin Jane's life. Throughout the novel, the theme of deceit and dishonesty results in unhappiness and suffering not only to those being lied to, but also to those people perpetuating the untruths. In the beginning of Jane Eyre, Mrs. Reed tells the owner of Lowood Institution, Mr. Brocklehurst, that Jane has, "'a bad character, a deceitful disposition; and to let everybody at Lowood know what [she] is, and what [she] has done'" (34). Jane already despises Mrs. Reed for treating her so poorly, but now she is infuriated. If Mr. Brocklehurst describes Jane as Mrs. Reed instructs him to do, Jane will never make friends at Lowood because all of the children will fear her. Jane battles back by saying to her aunt, "'I am glad you are no relation of mine. I will never call you aunt again as long as I live. I will never come to see you when I am grown up; and if any one asks me how I liked you, and how you treated me, I will say the very thought of you makes me sick, and that you treated me with miserable cruelty'" (33). Jane... ...ugh in the end Jane and Mr. Rochester do get married, Jane is an emotionally battered character who has to look deep inside of herself to do what is best for her. This happens to people every day. They are hurt by dishonesty and deceitfulness. It can ruin their lives unless they make the commitment to be honest with themselves and those around them. Bibliography Fraser, Rebecca. The Brontes. 1st ed. New York: Crown Publishers, 1988. Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. 3rd ed. New York: The Modern Library. Bronte, Charlotte. "Charlotte Bronte's Letters". New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1971. Diedrick, James.   Newman on the Gentleman. http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/hypertext/landow/victorian/vn/victor10.html. Diedrick, James.   Jane Eyre and A Vindication   of the Rights of Woman. http://spider.albion.edu/fac/engl/diedrick/jeyre1.htm.

Uniform Commerical Code (UCC)

The UCC refers to the Uniform Commercial Code which originally created in year 1952 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws and the American Law Institute, which are two national nongovernmental legal organizations (Steingold, 2013). These two private entities recommend that the 50 state governments adopt the UCC; however, it does not become law unless it’s enacted by the state. The UCC is a â€Å"comprehensive statutory scheme which includes laws that cover aspects of commercial transactions† (Cheeseman, 2012, p. 161).The UCC divided into nine main articles; general provisions; sales and leases, negotiable instruments, bank deposits and collections, funds transfer, letters of credit, bulk transfers/bulk sales, documents of title, investment securities and secured transactions (Steingold, 2013). The UCC contains many fundamental rules with over a hundred different sections with the two main provisions being the UCC article 2 (sales) and article 2a (leases). If the states want to conduct business transactions such as borrowing money, leasing equipment, establishing contracts and selling goods, these are excellent sections to use under the UCC.Why UCC is necessary By the turn of the 20th century, as the national economy grew, there seem to be a need, and it became necessary to regulate business transactions in a uniform way (Kent, 2013). The UCC believed to become necessary in order to protect business well as individuals, for uniformity, with a primary purpose to make business laws highly consistent across all the American fifty states by making business activities more predictable and efficient.In the words of the UCC itself, the Code intended â€Å"to simplify, clarify and modernize† commercial law, â€Å"to permit the continued expansion of commercial practices†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"to make uniform the law among the various jurisdictions† (Steingold, 2013, para. 1). This unified act, UCC, is an effort t o harmonize the law of sales and other commercial transactions within the United States of America in all fifty states (US Legal, Inc. , 2013). Harmonizing the state laws considered also as being of important due to the prevalence of commercial transaction that extend beyond just one state; for example, one state may manufacture the good, another state may warehouse goods, the next state may be use to sell goods, and the last state to deliver the goods.The UCC goal is to achieve substantial uniformity in commercial laws, and at the same time it allows the states the flexibility to meet circumstances locally by modifying the UCC’s text as enacted in each state. The reason the 50 states have adopted the UCC Given what's known about the law of contact verse Uniform Commercial Code, it’s believed that the reason that the 50 states and territories have enacted some versions of UCC is because it addresses most aspects of commercial laws and aspects of uniformity.In addition, the UCC rules applies directly or indirectly to so many transactions concerning business offers goods and/or services (including software) or products that most state more than likely feel it to be a good idea to comply because it brings uniformity. The UCC provides links directly to the state statues and once the state legislature adopts and enacts UCC it then becomes a state statute law and coded. Benefits & detriments of the UCC replacementOne significant benefit to UCC replacing the traditional law of contracts is that there is no development of contract forms. By adopting the UCC, other benefits are; interstate transactions, standardized commercial expectations, commercial stability, cost reduction and international trade. â€Å"The Uniform Commercial Code contributed significantly to the establishing of uniform laws governing commercial transactions from one state to the next: therefore, interstate commerce is more effectively and efficiently undertaken† (Broemmel, 201 3, para.2).UCC also makes commercial transaction less complex, simpler and by using the UCC it will help the states facilitate their sales of good, any banking transaction, as well as other areas within the UCC easier. All business can enjoy standardized commercial expectations because of the state laws governing commercial transaction uniformed. In addition, the UCC develops a strong sense of commercial stability because the UCC requires a contract for a sale of goods over $500 be in writing (Broemmel, 2013, para. 4).As well, because of the commercial standardization created by the Uniform Commercial Code, other benefits of the UCC; cost reduction and price control (Broemmel, 2013, para. 5). Lastly, the benefit for international trade, â€Å"the UCC allows for expedited international trade because of the establishment of a uniform system of commercial law in each of the states, both the export and import of goods into the United States undertaken more efficiently, with significant ly less red tape and in a more cost-effective manner† (Broemmel, 2013, para.6).On the other side, from the commerce standpoint, the disadvantages to the UCC replacing the traditional law of contracts comes into play when it comes to consideration, it potentially does not take everything into account that may be of interest to the state, causing a conflict of laws. Another concern is with the change of technology, and the UCC needs to maintain a pace with the change of technology as methods by which commerce conducted changes.As well, when it comes to UCC filings, Dunn & Bradstreet states â€Å"it is one of their determinants features on their credit report† (Business. com Media, Inc. , 2013). â€Å"A UCC filing is a business document, filed to the Secretary of State, to enact a lien on a business† (Business. com, Media, Inc. , 2013, para. 2).

Cambridge as Level Weathering Process

Weathering Process Physical Weathering Processes Freeze Thaw (Frost Shattering) Temperatures need to fluctuate above and below freezing. When the temperature drops below 0 degrees, water collected in rock cracks freezes and expands. When temperatures rise again the ice melts. Pressure created by expansion results in progressive weakening of the rock. At high altitudes frost-shattered material forms scree slopes. Heating & Cooling Thermal expansion & contraction of rock in response to rising and falling temperatures. The daily cycle of heating and cooling sets up stresses in the rock that cause it to disintegrate.Occurs mostly in deserts where there is the greatest diurnal temperature range. Also occurs during bush fires. Wetting & Drying (Slaking) Rock is alternately wetted then dried. Minerals which make up clay rocks expand when wetted, then contract on drying-out. The stresses from repeated expansion and contraction cause the rock to disintegrate. This process commonly occurs on t he intertidal zone of coasts. Exfoliation (Onion weathering/Spheroidal) Under warm conditions rock surfaces heat up and expand more than the main mass of the internal body of the rock.Eventually the surface layers split off or spall from the lower layers, sometimes in slightly curved sheets like the layers of an onion. Seen especially in granite. Crystal Growth (Salt Weathering) Salt crystals, such as sodium carbonate and magnesium sulphate grow within spaces in a rock. It happens when saline water enters cracks in rocks then evaporates. The growing crystals prise the rock apart and small pieces break off. This process is especially effective in semi-arid areas and coastal regions. Pressure Release (Dilation) Not caused by elements of weather.Occurs either when erosion removes a heavy covering of rock or when large ice sheets melt. The removal of great weight allows the rock layers beneath to expend. As they expand they also fracture to produce bedding planes parallel to the ground surface. The spaces between the bedding planes (joints) are now open to the influence of further weathering. Organic Action The breaking up of rock by plant roots and burrowing animals. Roots grow into cracks and lines of weakness & as they thicken exert increasing pressure and cause rocks to fracture.Chemical Weathering Processes Hydrolysis The most common chemical weathering process. Carbonic acid in rain water releases hydrogen ions from the water which then combine with minerals in rocks causing them to break down. This is common in rocks containing feldspar e. g. granite. The end products weathered feldspar are clay minerals known as kaolinite. Kaolinite is an important component of fine bone China. Hydration This occurs when water is absorbed into the crystal structure of certain minerals and causes chemical changes e. g. nhydrite absorbs water to become gypsum which is soft and crumbly. Carbonation On contact with calcium carbonate (the main component of limestone), carbonic acid found in rain water creates calcium bicarbonate. As calcium bicarbonate is readily dissolved in water it is quickly transported away, leaving behind only the clay and quartz impurities of the limestone. This process is most common in regions with limestone geology. Solution Some minerals in rocks do not require a chemical reaction to become soluble e. g. rock slat readily dissolves in water. OxidationSome minerals in rocks react with oxygen dissolved in water to form oxides This process commonly occurs in rocks containing iron. Iron in its ferrous from is changed by oxidation into its ferric from leading to the collapse of tis molecular structure. Commonly this is known as ‘rust’. Chelation Lichens and decomposing organic matter in soil (humus) release organic acids. These acids attack certain minerals in rock, releasing iron and aluminium ions which are then transported way by water. The process of release is called chelation and the organic acids are known as che lating agents.